糖尿病患者家庭成员对糖尿病眼病的认知和需求分析

Cognitive and demand analysis on diabetic ophthalmopathy among diabetic family members

【目的】通过调查糖尿病患者家庭成员对糖尿病眼病的认知以及卫生服务需求,为社区糖尿病眼病防治提供参考依据。【方法】采用现况调查的方法,对糖尿病患者家庭成员开展问卷调查,主要内容为对糖尿病眼病认知、获取相关知识的途径以及对卫生服务需求的调查等。【结果】共调查1207例糖尿病患者家庭成员,糖尿病眼病防治知识及格率为75.89%,<35岁者、>65岁者、低学历者其知识掌握程度较低,不同职业者之间差异明显。影响定期眼科检查主要因素:眼睛无明显症状(74.65%)、对糖尿病眼病知识不了解(64.21%)。75.89%的调查对象希望通过社区宣传获得相关知识。调查对象希望社区改善设备开展眼底检查(88.59%)和眼底检查纳入老年人免费健康体检(82.77%)。【结论】糖尿病患者家庭成员糖尿病眼病防治知晓率不高,开展健康教育时应重视低学历人群、对不同职业人群开展卫生工作应精准定位。在构建家庭环境支持时尽量选择年龄适中,学历较高者。社区眼病防治服务需求大,应重视社区糖尿病眼病软硬件的投入,加强社区糖尿病眼病防治服务体系建设。

[Objective]To investigate the knowledge and demand of diabetic ophthalmopathy among the diabetes family members,and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of diabetic ophthalmopathy in the rural community.[Methods]By means of status survey,a questionnaire was designed and adopted for ophthalmopathy cognition,the access to the relevant knowledge and demands for health services research,etc.[Results]A total of 1 207 family members of diabetic patients were investigated.The pass rate of the knowledge of diabetic ophthalmopathy was 75.89%.The awareness rate among them was low,including the old(>65 y),the young(<35 y)and those with low education.There was significant difference in the awareness rate among different occupations.Main factors affecting regular eye examination were no obvious symptoms in the eyes(74.65%),less knowledge of diabetic ophthalmopathy(64.21%).And 75.89%of respondents hoped to gain relevant knowledge through community advocacy.They hoped that the community hospital would improve the equipment for fundus examination(88.59%)and offer free health checkups for the elderly including fundus examination(82.77%).[Conclusion]The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of diabetic ophthalmopathy in family members of diabetic patients is not high.When carrying out health education,we should pay attention to low-education population and the different concerns for different occupational groups.In building a home environment support,it is advisable to choose those with moderate age and higher education.The demand for community diabetic ophthalmopathy prevention and treatment services is large.We should pay attention to investment in software and hardware for diabetic ophthalmopathy in the community and strengthen the construction of community diabetic ophthalmopathy prevention and treatment service system.