从外生比较优势到内生比较优势:我国重点大学“双一流”建设路径的思考

From Exogenous Comparative Advantages to Endogenous Comparative Advantages:the Reflection on the Path of “Double First-Class”Construction of Key Universities in China

我国重点大学历经几十年的发展,在学科建设、人才培养等方面都取得了较大成就,但也存在身份和利益固化、重复交叉建设、办学特色和学科发展重点不突出、内生发展动力不足等问题。借鉴比较优势理论,重点大学在“双一流”建设过程中既要合理利用政府倾斜政策和既有资源禀赋,以形成外生比较优势,更要创新发展理念,强化学校内部治理,推进组织变革,培育优势特色学科,以形成内生比较优势。

After decades of development, key universities in China have made great achievements in discipline construction and personnel training,etc.But there are still problems such as identity solidification, interest solidification, repeated cross-construction, school-running characteristics and discipline development focus are not prominent, endogenous development momentum is insufficient.Referring to the theory of comparative advantage, key universities should not only rationally utilize the government s preferential policies and existing resources to form exogenous comparative advantages, but also innovate the concept of development, strengthen the internal governance of schools, promote organizational reform and cultivate dominant disciplines, to form endogenous comparative advantages.