急诊护士遭遇工作场所暴力真实体验质性研究的系统评价

Qualitative study on emergency nurses′ real-life experience of workplace violence:a systematic review

[目的]系统评价和整合急诊护士遭遇工作场所暴力的真实体验,为预防、应对、减少工作场所暴力伤害和相关部门制定保护政策提供参考。[方法]检索PubMed、EBSCO、PsycINFO、Cochrane、JBI Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、CNKI、CBM、VIP和万方等中英文数据库,检索急诊护士遭遇工作场所暴力的真实体验的质性研究,检索时间截至2018年5月。对文献质量进行评价,整合与分析急诊护士遭遇工作场所暴力真实体验。[结果]共纳入17篇文献,其中中文3篇,外文14篇。将研究结果重新分析整合后,归纳出50个结果,合并为11个类别,并整合成急诊护士对工作场所暴力的认知、工作场所暴力对急诊护士的影响、急诊护士对工作场所暴力的应对3个结果。[结论]急诊护士遭遇工作场所暴力现象普遍,应加大对急诊医疗场所暴力事件的关注,对此应采取零容忍态度,探索多种途径从根源上减少急诊暴力事件发生,更加关怀遭遇工作场所暴力的护士,提供多方支持,降低对其造成的不良影响。

Objective: To systematically evaluate and integrate the emergency nurses′real-life experience of workplace violence,and to provide the reference for preventing,responding,and reducing workplace violence;and for related departments to develop protection policies. Methods: The qualitative research on the nurses′real-life experience of workplace violence was retrieved from Chinese and English databases,including PubMed,EBSCO,PsycINFO,Cochrane,JBI Library,Web of Science,CNKI,CBM,VIP,and Wanfang.And the search time was up to May 2018.After careful evaluation of the quality of the documents the emergency nurses′real-life experience of workplace violence was intergrated and analyzed. Results: A total of 17 articles were included,involving 3 articles in Chinese and 14 articles in English.After reanalyzing and reintegrating the results of these literatures,50 results were summarized and combined into 11 categories,which were integrated into 3 outcomes: the awareness of emergency nurses to workplace violence,the impact of workplace violence on emergency nurses,and the response of emergency nurses to workplace violence. Conclusions: Emergency nurses were generally exposed to workplace violence.We should pay more attention to the workplace violence in emergency medical places,adopt a zero-tolerance attitude,and explore various ways to reduce the incidence of emergency violence from the root cause,and pay more attention to the nurses who experienced workplace violence.Multi-party support should be provided to reduce the adverse effects on them.