中东地区大型碳酸盐岩油藏水驱效率影响因素研究

Main influencing factors of waterflooding efficiency and injection technique policy of carbonate reservoir in Middle East

世界现已查明以碳酸盐岩为主要烃源岩的含油气盆地众多,中东地区是世界碳酸盐岩油藏主要分布区域,储量占比达到全球总探明储量60%以上,然而由于中东地区大型碳酸盐岩油藏普遍天然能量较弱,且目前均已处于油藏开发中晚期阶段,为保持一定地层能量以维持油田长期稳产,必须开展油藏能量补充,而注水是主要能量补充方式之一。为科学的注水开发碳酸盐岩油藏,以多个中东地区大型已开发碳酸盐岩油藏为研究对象,剖析了油藏注水开发效果之间的差异及影响因素,结论认为:影响碳酸盐岩油藏注水开发效果的主要因素为储层物性、储层非均质性、高渗条带及隔夹层的发育程度、注采井型及井网部署形式及规模注水后动态监测及管理措施。研究成果可为类似油藏注水开发提供技术参考。

There are many oil and gas bearing basins that the source rocks mainly consist of carbonate rocks over the world,the carbonate reservoir distribute mainly in Middle East area,the reserves in this area account to 60% of the global total proved reserves, however the natural energy of the large carbonate reservoir in Middle East is generally weak,currently reservoir development is at mid?term stage,it is necessary to supplement reservoir energy in order to maintain stable oil production,water injection is one of the main Energy supplement methods. In order to develop the carbonate reservoir by injection scientifically,to analyze flooding efficiency difference and influence factors by taking actual carbonate reservoir development as the research object in Middle East,the recommended values for injection development indexes of carbonate reservoir in Middle East were put forward. It is indicated that the main factors affecting waterflooding efficiency of carbonate reservoirs are reservoir physical properties,heterogeneity, development degree of high permeable strikes and baffles,flooding pattern and injection surveillance. Based on statistical analysis,the laws of the following development indexes are proposed,e.g. injection mode,injection timing,suitable recovery rate,well spacing density,well type and flooding pattern deployment,it provides the reference of scientific development of similar carbonate reservoirs in Middle East.