对中日黄海海战后期作战认识的讨论——兼与某些传统观点商榷

Discussion on the Viewpoints to the later Stage of the Sino-Japanese Huang Hai Naval War——Discussion with some Traditional Points

长期以来,国内学界大都把甲午战争问题作为中国近代史和中日关系史研究领域的重要课题,成果累累。在过往的研究中,流行观点派的"中日黄海海战战役过程认识"是以"方伯谦黄海海战临阵脱逃"说为核心而形成的。然而,随着新史料的发掘与使用,国内外不断有新的研究成果问世;在这一过程中,流行观点派的不足也愈发显现,某些认识和结论也颇值得进一步商榷。如海战后期"第一游击队、本队并肩作战"说以及海战后期"第一游击队西海岸作战"说,均是试图再次弥补流行观点派的"中日黄海海战战役过程认识"不能解释第一游击队海战后期作战存在破绽的缺陷所作的努力。鉴于此,讨论流行观点派对中日黄海海战后期作战的所谓"认识"具有一定的学术价值和社会意义,既可澄清中日黄海海战某些被误读的过程,亦可对"方伯谦临阵脱逃"问题加以深究,还历史以本来面目。

For a long time, the domestic academic circles have got innumerable great achievements in the important subject of Sino-Japanese War in the research areas of Chinese Modern History and the History of Chines-Japanese Relations. Among the researches of the Sino-Japanese war of 1894-1895, the past popular viewpoint of “the Stages of the Sino- Japanese Huang Hai Naval War” is based on the point of “Fang Boqian running away when going into the Huang Hai Battle”. The point of “No.1 Guerillas and the Principal Force fighting side by side during the Later Stage of Huang Hai Battle” and the point of “No. 1 Guerillas Fighting in the West Coast” are again trying to remedy the weak point of the explanation to the track way of the No1. Guerillas during the later stage of the Huang Hai Battle which the popular viewpoint couldn’t explain. For that reason, the “popular viewpoint” to the Later stage of the Sino-Japanese Huang Hai Naval War has some academic value and social meaning as it can not only clarify the misread matters but also reveal the true history by deeper research on the subject of “Fang Boqian running away when going into the Huang Hai Battle”.