中巴经济走廊背景下贸易便利化水平对中巴出口贸易效率影响研究

The Impact of Trade Facilitation on China-Pakistan Trade Efficiency against the Background of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

中巴经济走廊作为“一带一路”的旗舰项目和样板,不仅能促进中国和巴基斯坦的经贸合作,而且将会对中国与其他国家的贸易合作起到示范作用。本文综合评价中亚、南亚和西亚国家的贸易便利化水平指数,并将贸易便利化水平作为贸易非效率项引入随机前沿引力模型,从出口效率角度分析中巴贸易效率,得出以下结论:一是中国属于贸易比较便利的国家,但巴基斯坦贸易便利化程度不高。二是贸易非效率项中海关与边境管理指数和规制环境指数均与贸易非效率呈反比,基础设施效率指数、金融与电子商务指数都与贸易非效率呈正比。三是巴基斯坦在加入贸易便利化后能够提高贸易效率,中巴贸易效率值的上升表明中巴自贸区、中巴经济走廊的建设在双边贸易合作中起到了推动作用,但同时中巴向对方出口的贸易潜力仍有很大的拓展空间。

As the flagship project of and model for the Belt and Road Initiative,the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)is not only promoting trade and commercial collaboration between China and Pakistan,but in the future,it will also serve as an example for China’s collaboration with other countries.This article provides an overall appraisal of indices of levels of trade facilitation in Central Asia,South Asia,and West Asia,and uses level of trade facilitation as a measure of trade non-efficiency,which is incorporated into a stochastic frontier gravity model to analyse China-Pakistan trade efficiency from the perspective of export efficiency.The following results are obtained:first is that China has relatively high levels of trade facilitation,while Pakistan on the other hand has low levels;second is that trade non-efficiency is inversely related to customs and border management indices as well as indices relevant to the regulatory environment;on the other hand,trade non-efficiency is positively related to infrastructure efficiency,finance and digital commerce indices;third is that after Pakistan entered into a process of trade facilitation,it can increase trade efficiency,and that increases in China-Pakistan trade efficiency demonstrate that the China-Pakistan Free Trade Area and the development of CPEC played a role promoting bilateral trade cooperation.While so,there remains tremendous space for China-Pakistan exports to expand.