广州市某三甲医院7015例新生儿住院患者病种构成分析

Disease composition analysis of 7015 neonatal inpatients in a third-class A hospital in Guangzhou

目的:研究新生儿住院患者病种构成特点,为新生儿疾病防治提供依据。方法:利用SPSS19.0软件对广州市某三甲医院2014—2017年7015例新生儿住院患者病种、性别、年龄、发病季节分布进行统计分析。结果:新生儿住院前10位病种中性别分布差异具有统计学意义的是新生儿肺炎(χ^2=16.36,P<0.05)、新生儿ABO溶血病(χ^2=6.55,P<0.05)、咽下综合征(χ^2=6.88,P<0.05)、低出生体质量(χ^2=6.47,P<0.05)。季节分布差异具有统计学意义的是新生儿吸入综合征(χ^2=24.76,P<0.05)、新生儿黄疸(χ^2=26.70,P<0.05)、早产儿(χ^2=9.35,P<0.05)、新生儿心力衰竭(χ^2=13.84,P<0.05)、剖宫产儿综合征(χ^2=26.52,P<0.05);低出生体质量(χ^2=25.13,P<0.05)。新生儿住院患者首位病种发病高峰时点为10月28日。结论:新生儿住院病种以新生儿吸入综合征、新生儿黄疸、早产儿、新生儿肺炎为主。应根据各病种分布特点,有针对性地加强相关疾病的诊治管理和围生期的保健宣教工作。

Objective:To study the characteristics of disease types of neonatal hospitalized patients,and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of neonatal diseases. Methods: 7 015 cases of neonatal inpatients in a third- class A hospital in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2017 were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results: The difference of sex distribution among the top 10 diseases in hospitalization was significant in neonatal pneumonia(χ^2 =16.36, P<0.05), ABO hemolytic disease(χ^2 =6.55, P<0.05), hypopharyngeal syndrome (χ^2 =6.88,P<0.05),low birth weight (χ^2 =6.47,P<0.05). The seasonal distribution of the top 10 diseases showed significant differences in neonatal inhalation syndrome (χ^2 =24.76, P<0.05), neonatal jaundice (χ^2 =26.70,P<0.05),premature infants (χ^2 =9.35,P<0.05),neonatal heart failure(χ^2 =13.84,P< 0.05), cesarean section syndrome (χ^2 =26.52,P<0.05), low birth weight(χ^2 =25.13,P<0.05). The peak time of incidence of the first disease for hospitalized neonates was October 28. Conclusion:The main types of neonatal hospitalization are neonatal inhalation syndrome,neonatal jaundice,premature infants and neonatal pneumonia. According to the distribution characteristics of various diseases,the management of diagnosis and treatment of related diseases and perinatal health education should be strengthened.