压块质量对香菇工厂化二次培养的影响

Effect of Block Weight on Secondary Incubation Process in Factory Production of Letinula edodes

以不同质量(2000、2200、2400、2600 g和2800 g)香菇(Lentinula edodes)压块为研究对象,通过检测二次培养阶段压块内温度、水分及pH变化,结合出菇农艺性状,探讨压块质量对二次培养过程的影响.结果表明,不同质量压块内的温度变化趋势基本一致:先升高并于菌丝恢复培养第3天达到峰值,后降低,再升高并于菌丝恢复培养第6天达到次峰值,然后再下降至高于培养房温度1~2 ℃后稳定;各处理压块质量均呈下降趋势,绝对失重量随压块质量的增加而增大;含水量变化总体趋势为先降后升再降,于菌丝恢复培养第6天后相对平稳;各处理菌块内pH均先急剧下降至3.33左右,再缓慢上升,之后保持在3.6~3.9;子实体产量、采收期随着菌块质量的增加呈增加的趋势.其中2000 g压块质量处理,与其它4个处理相比,压块内温度较低,含水量较高,pH下降后回升较快,两潮总生物学效率较高(51.7%),菇型较大,采收期较短.

Lentinula edodes blocks of different weights (2000, 2200, 2400, 2600 g and 2800 g) were studied. Changes of temperature, water content and pH inside the blocks in the second incubation phase were determined. Combined with agronomic traits of fruit bodies, the effect of block weight on the secondary incubation process was investigated. The results showed that the trends of temperature change inside the blocks of different weights were basically the same: increased first and reached the peak on the 3^rd day of mycelial recovery stage, then decreased, then increased again and reached the second peak on the 6^th day of mycelial recovery stage, then decreased to 1~2 ℃ higher than of the temperature of culture room, and then stabilized. The weight of each block decreased and the absolute weight loss increased with the increase of block weight. The general trend of water content change was first declining, then rising and then declining, with water content becoming relatively stable at the 6th day of mycelial recovery incubation. The pH value of each block decreased sharply to about 3.33 at first, then increased slowly, and then remained at 3.6~3.9. The fruit body yield and harvesting period were positively correlated with block weight. The 2000 g treatment, compared with the other four treatments, showed lower temperature inside the block, higher water content, faster pH recovery, higher total biological efficiency of 2 flushes (51.7%), larger fruit body shape, and shorter harvesting period.