四油酸季戊四醇酯的合成及应用

Synthesis and Application of Pentaerythritol Tetraoleate

季戊四醇酯具有良好的氧化安定性和热安定性,生物降解率高,是一种环境友好的绿色润滑剂,具有广阔的应用前景。对用油酸和季戊四醇直接酯化合成四油酸季戊四醇酯的工艺参数进行了考察。以酯化率为指标,采用正交设计考察了催化剂种类,催化剂用量,油酸与季戊四醇的摩尔比,反应时间和反应温度等参数对四油酸季戊四醇酯酯化率的影响。对酯化率的影响依次是催化剂种类>反应时间>反应温度>催化剂用量>油酸与季戊四醇的摩尔比,最佳工艺参数为用1.0%质量分数的对甲苯磺酸作催化剂,反应时间6h,反应温度200℃,油酸与季戊四醇的摩尔比为4.2∶1。在此工艺参数下,四油酸季戊四醇酯的酯化率达到了96.8%,说明合成工艺参数是合理可行的。用合成的四油酸季戊四醇酯调配的68号可生物降解抗磨液压油能够满足L-HM抗磨液压油的性能要求,并具有良好的抗氧化性能和润滑性能。(图1表6参考文献7)

Pentaerythritol ester had good oxidation stability and thermal stability,high biodegradation rate, and was an environmental friendly green lubricant, and had broad application prospects. The process parameters of direct esterification of oleic acid and pentaerythritol to synthesize pentaerythritol tetraoleate were investigated. The esterification rate was used as the index. The effects of catalyst type,catalyst dosage,and molar ratio of oleic acid to pentaerythritol,reaction time and reaction temperature on the esterification rate of pentaerythritol tetraoleate were investigated by orthogonal design. The effect on the esterification rate was the catalyst type>reaction time>reaction temperature>catalyst dosage>molar ratio of oleic acid to pentaerythritol. The optimum process parameters were 1.0% by mass of p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst,the reaction time was 6 h, the reaction temperature was 200 °C,and the molar ratio of oleic acid to pentaerythritol was 4.2∶1. Under this process parameter,the esterification rate of pentaerythritol tetraoleate reached 96.8%,which indicating that the synthetic process parameters were reasonable and feasible. The No. 68 biodegradable antiwear hydraulic oil formulated with synthetic pentaerythritol tetraoleate could meet the performance requirements of L-HM anti-wear hydraulic oil,and had good oxidation resistance and lubrication performance.(Chart1 Tables6 References7)