民俗·剧场·释名:钱南扬南戏研究的进路与学术史意义

Folklore,Theatre,Appellation:Qian Nanyang’s Research and Achievements in Nanxi

钱南扬先生是我国现代南戏研究的奠基者与集大成者。在上世纪二、三十年代民俗学科建设的浪潮中,钱先生进入了俗文学研究的领域,他于俗文学的研究中发现了南戏的学理价值,并在吴梅的影响下以文献与格律为切入,从文本与场上情形两个方面为南戏构建了完整的学术体系,对南戏研究影响深远。在另一方面,钱先生在文献与舞台研究的基础上进一步南戏的历史问题进行探原,以南戏的历史脉络为基点整合相关的史料,有意识地在戏曲史的视阈下串联历史中的南戏文献,以学科的高度,完成了对南戏作为研究对象的“释名”,在现代学术史的立场下形塑了南戏的学科概念,使其具备了整体性的戏曲史与戏曲学意义。

Mr. Qian Nanyang is the founder and synthesizer of modern NanXi in China. He has made great achievements in literature, melody and historical theory. In the study of popular literature, he found the academic value of Nanxi. Under the influence of Wu Mei, he constructed a complete academic system for Nanxi from two aspects of text and field situation. It has far- reaching influence on the study of Nanxi. On the other hand, Mr. Qian further explored the historical issues of Nanxi opera on the basis of literature and stage research. He consciously connected the historical documents of Nanxi Opera under the perspective of the history of traditional opera, and completed the study of Nanxi opera from the perspective of discipline. In the view of modern academic history, naming has shaped the subject concept of Nanxi Opera, and made it possess the whole history of opera and the significance of opera study.