司法责任制改革中的刑事合议庭办案机制研究

Research on the Collegiate Bench Proceeding Mechanism for Criminal Cases in Judiciary Accountability System Reform

刑事合议制承载着司法公正与司法民主的诉讼价值,因而,即便是各国司法资源普遍吃紧,独任制已经成为主流的审判方式,基于对司法公正的追求,刑事合议制仍然在各国刑事程序中发挥着重要作用。反观我国的刑事合议制,“形合实独,合而不议”“陪而不审,审而不议”“审者不判,判者不审”,严重妨碍了其程序功能的彰显。尽管经历数次司法改革,改革的效果却差强人意。始于2015年的司法责任制改革以“让审理者裁判,由裁判者负责,确保人民法院依法独立公正行使审判权”为目标原则,被称为此轮司法体制改革的“牛鼻子”,至此奠定了此次司法改革的基本格局。司法责任制改革的推进为刑事合议庭办案机制改革的破局提供了契机。应以各试点法院司法责任制改革方案为研究范本,总结经验,发现问题,厘清认识,为后续的司法责任制改革的全面落实提供理论上的准备。

Criminal collegiate bench system carries litigation value in judiciary justice and democracy.Hence,even though judiciary resources are limited and the sole accountability system is prevalent worldwide,criminal collegiate bench system still plays an important role in criminal proceedings as a result of the pursuit of judiciary justice.In China,though criminal collegiate bench system is implemented,it is not so in nature,hurting the integrity of the procedural functions.Despite judiciary reform after judiciary reform,the effects are far from satisfying.From 2015 on,attention has been paid to judiciary reform in terms of judges,accountability and justice,laying a solid foundation for the reform in theory and practice.This paper argues that pilot studies can be used as models for further reform and judiciary practice of the mechanism of criminal collegiate bench system.