马尔康地区夏季鲜牦牛奶卫生质量现况调查

Investigation on the health quality of fresh yak milk in summer in Malcolm

目的:了解马尔康地区夏季鲜牦牛奶卫生质量状况,指导奶农喂养方式及居民正确选择鲜奶。方法:使用分层随机抽样方法抽取郊区和牧区两地丰草季节牛奶,对数据进行分析。结果:感官性状方面,牧区夏季鲜牦牛奶外观及色泽为乳白色(稍带微黄色),呈均匀胶态(浓稠)液体,无杂质、无凝块、无沉淀,味微甜带有特殊香味;郊区夏季鲜牦牛奶呈清淡微黄色,质地浓稠,香味幽淡。鲜牦牛奶比重(D420)夏季牧区(1.036)高于夏季郊区(1.032)。脂肪含量牧区=0.0343,郊区=0.0302,差异有统计学意义(t=3.629,P<0.05)。结论:牧区牛奶质地和口感优于郊区牛奶质地;牛奶比重(D420)夏季牧区高于郊区;脂肪含量均高于3%。纠正郊区奶牛喂养方法是改变奶汁卫生质量的最佳方式。

Objective:To understand the sanitary quality of fresh yak milk in summer in Malcolm,to guide the feeding methods of dairy farmers and the correct selection of fresh milk by residents.Methods:The stratified random sampling method was used to extract the season grass milk from the suburbs and pastoral areas,and the data were analyzed.Results:In terms of sensory traits,the appearance and color of fresh milk in the pastoral area was milky white(slightly yellowish),showing a uniform colloidal(thick)liquid, no impurities,no clots,no sedimentation,slightly sweet and with a special aroma,suburbs.In the summer,fresh milk was light yellowish,thick in texture and faint.The proportion of fresh milk(D420)in summer pastoral area(1.036)was higher than that in summer suburbs(1.032).Fat content pastoral area=0.034 3,suburb=0.030 2,the difference was statistically significant(t=3.629, P<0.05).Conclusion:Milk texture and taste in pastoral areas are better than that in suburban areas.Milk specific gravity(D420)is higher in pastoral areas than in suburbs in summer.The fat content is higher than 3%.Correcting suburban dairy feeding methods is the best way to change the quality of milk hygiene.