论马克思人的本质思想及其当代启示

Comment on the Theory of Marx′s Human Nature and Contemporary Value

马克思从社会关系角度理解人的本质,从人的社会属性等方面对抽象人性论进行抨击,同时从人的本质是具体的、历史的角度对社会关系进行宏观剖析。马克思立足于实践角度,在批判抽象人性论的基础上建立了科学的人性论,明确阐述了关于人的本质的观点,这标志着他从抽象的理念思维方式向现实经验推导思维方式的转化。研究马克思人的本质思想,在今天“以人为本”、实现全面发展为主流话语的背景下,不仅对于落实科学发展观和实现“中国梦”等大有益处,而且对于应对社会转型时期发生的一系列人的问题具有一定启示意义。

Marx comprehended human nature from the perspective of social relations, and attacked human nature from the human social attributes and other aspects of the abstract theory, while he insisted the essence of human nature is a specific, and carried out macro analysis on social relations from historical perspective. Based on the practical point of view, Marx established the scientific theory of human nature on the basis of criticizing the abstract theory of human nature, and clearly expounded the view on the essence of man, which marked his transformation from abstract way of thinking to practical experience. The study of Marx′s personal view is not only beneficial to the implementation of the scientific concept of development and the realization of the "Chinese dream" in today′s "people-oriented" and the realization of comprehensive development as the mainstream discourse, but also to deal with a series of social problems, and it has certain practical significance.