高原反应危险性分区及施工供氧应对措施研究

Research on the Risk Zoning of High Altitude Response and Oxygen Supply Countermeasures for Construction

研究目的:高海拔隧道具有"气压低、氧分压低、气温低"的特点,严寒缺氧危害施工人员的生命安全且使其工作效率大幅度降低,本文通过研究高原反应危险性分区及施工供氧应对措施,以期解决高海拔隧道建设这一重大难题。研究结论:(1)通过对国内外关于高原反应研究的相关文献资料的调查分析,采用高原反应检测中较为实用的临床指标:血氧饱和度SO2、肺泡氧分压PaO2、呼吸次数和心率,建立了与海拔高度的对应统计关系;(2)结合海拔高度与急性高原反应AMS发生频率,对不同海拔时的高原反应风险进行了分区,且进行了高原反应危险程度分区的和积法验证;(3)针对不同高原反应风险分区,提出了相应的供氧措施;(4)建议规范规定的供氧指标--氧气浓度降为19. 0%;(5)本研究结果可为高海拔地区安全施工提供参考。

Research purposes: The high altitude tunnel has the characteristics of " low pressure,low oxygen pressure and low temperature". The cold and anoxia endanger the safety of the construction personnel and reduce the efficiency of them. This paper studies risk zoning of high altitude response and oxygen supply countermeasures for construction to solve this major problem of high altitude tunnel construction.Research conclusions:( 1) Through the investigation and analysis of relevant literature on the altitude reaction at home and abroad,we adopted the practical clinical test indexes of the altitude reaction: oxygen saturation SO2,alveolar oxygen partial pressure PaO2,respiration frequency and heart rate,and established corresponding statistical relationship with altitude.( 2) Combining the altitude with the acute altitude reaction AMS frequency,the risk of altitude reaction at different altitudes is divided,and the risk zoning of altitude reaction is verified by sum and product method.( 3) This paper puts forward the corresponding oxygen supply measures for different altitude response risk zoning.( 4) It is suggested to regulate the oxygen supply index——oxygen concentration be decreased to 19%.( 5) The research result can provide a reference for safe construction in high altitude areas.