航空替代燃料低温点火关键物质研究

Key composition of aviation alternative fuel on ignition performance at low temperature

液体燃料低温条件下挥发的燃油组分对于点火启动有显著影响。通过对航空煤油RP-3和煤基费托F-T燃料低温条件气相组分分析,得到了-40℃到15℃燃料挥发组分及含量分布规律,确定低温条件发动机点火关键物质并进行点火边界测试及分析。通过加入轻烃物质煤基费托燃料点火性能有显著提高作用,其改善顺序为环烷烃最优,其次是支链烷烃,直链烷烃。对航空替代燃料应用于发动机低温冷启动及高空再点火过程有一定指导意义。

Liquid fuel volatile compositions play an important role for ignition at low temperatures. The composition distribution of aviation kerosene RP-3 and coal-based Fischev-Tropsch F-T fuel in the vapor phase under low temperatures were analyzed in this research. The volatile components and content distribution of the fuel from -40℃ to 15℃ were obtained,and the key materials for engine ignition in low temperature conditions were determined and the ignition boundary test and analysis were carried out. The addition of light hydrocarbons significantly improves the ignition performance of coal-based Fischer-Tropsch fuel. Cycloalkanes are preferential,which are followed by branched alkanes and n-alkanes. It is of significance for the application of aviation alternative fuels in engine cold start and high-altitude relight process.