苎麻纤维闪爆处理及性能研究

Explosion Treatment and Properties Study of Ramie Fiber

利用闪爆法对苎麻纤维进行脱胶处理,并测试苎麻纤维闪爆处理前后的化学成分、结晶度、力学性能、吸湿性、保水性及热学性能,分析闪爆处理分离苎麻纤维的可行性。结果表明,闪爆处理可以大幅降低苎麻纤维内部的木质素与胶质等,并能提高苎麻纤维的纤维素含量、结晶度及热学性能,但受闪爆机械冲击影响,苎麻纤维的力学性能、吸湿性与保水性有所下降。此外,在相同保压时间条件下,分次闪爆的效果优于一次闪爆。该研究证明可以利用分次闪爆法去除苎麻纤维内部的木质素、胶质等以及提高纤维分离度,为苎麻纤维的开发利用提供了一种洁净工艺。

The ramie fiber was degummed by explosion method,and the composition,crystallinity,mechanical properties,moisture absorption,moisture retention and thermal properties of ramie fibers before and after explosion treatment were tested. The feasibility of separating ramie fiber by explosion treatment was analyzed. The results show that explosion treatment can significantly reduce the contents of lignin and gum in ramie fibers,and improve cellulose content,crystallinity and thermal properties of ramie fibers. However,mechanical properties,moisture absorption and moisture retention decrease due to the impact of explosion treatment. In addition,under the same holding time,the separating effect of ramie fibers of time after time explosion is better than that of primary explosion. It concludes that using explosion technology to improve degree of separation of split the lignin and colloid from ramie fibers is feasible,which provides a clean technology to develop ramie fibers.