高密度脂蛋白功能与心血管疾病

High Density Lipoprotein Function and Cardiovascular Diseases

正常高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein,HDL)具有保护心血管的作用。但随着研究的深入,尤其是针对HDL代谢相关基因突变群体的研究和升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)的药物研究失败后,HDL-C与心血管疾病的关系变得扑朔迷离。研究发现正常状态下HDL不仅有逆转运胆固醇(reverse cholesterol transport,RCT)的作用,还有抗氧化、抗炎、促进血管新生等作用,而疾病状态下HDL会失去保护作用甚至损害心血管功能。关于HDL的研究从HDL-C水平转移至HDL功能,失功能高密度脂蛋白(dysfunctional high-density lipoproteins, dHDL)假说逐渐被接受。随着基因测序和大数据理论的发展,更深入地研究HDL会给心血管领域带来新的曙光。

Normal high density lipoprotein(HDL) has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system. However, the relationship between HDL cholesterol(HDL-C) and cardiovascular disease becomes more and more complicated, especially in studies of HDL metabolism-related gene mutation population and after the failure of pharmaceutical research on how to raise HDL cholesterol. The functions of HDL, including eliciting reverse cholesterol transport(RCT), anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, promoting angiogenesis, will lose in disease status and even turn harmful. The core of research was transferred from HDL-C to HDL's function, and the hypothesis of dysfunctional HDL(dHDL) was gradually accepted. With the development of gene sequencing and big data theory, further research of HDL will bring new dawn to cardiovascular field.