急性呼吸窘迫综合征炎症微环境对调节性T细胞分化的影响

Effect of"inflammation microenvironment"on the differentiation of regulatory T cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)/急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)时,由肺脏结构或功能细胞、免疫细胞(T细胞、B细胞、NK细胞等)、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞及其分泌(或趋化)的细胞因子/炎症介质所共同构成的一个"炎症微环境"在疾病的发生、发展过程中发挥着重要而复杂的调控作用。调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Tregs)是一类功能独特的CD4*T淋巴细胞的亚群,对维持免疫稳态和自我耐受有重要意义,主要参与抑制免疫反应,在ARDS免疫调控中发挥重要作用。从调控Treg细胞分化的机制出发,以细胞因子作为突破,探寻调控ARDS患者体内Treg细胞分化的关键结点,为寻找ARDS潜在治疗靶点提供一个新思路。本文将近年来有关ARDS"炎症微环境"及其参与Treg细胞分化调控的研究进展做一综述。

In acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)/acute lung injury(ALI),there is an"inflammatory microenvironment",which composed of structure or functional cells of lung,immune cells including T cells,B cells and NK cells,macrophages and cytokines/inflammatory mediators secreted by the above cells.It plays an important and complex regulatory role in the development process of ARDS.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)is a subset of CD4^+T lymphocytes with uniquely functional,which is important to maintain immune homeostasis and self-tolerance.And it can play an important role in suppressing immune responses in ARDS.We could explore the key of Tregs differentiation from the cytokine-related regulation of the differentiation mechanism of Tregs in patients with ARDS.It will provide a new potential therapeutic targets for ARDS.This review will introduce the"inflammatory microenvironment"of ARDS,and its involvement in the differentiation of Tregs.