农村集体资产产权制度改革:进程、模式与挑战

Rural Collective Operating Assets Property Rights Reform in China: Process,Model and Challenge

农村集体资产改革在理论界和政策界受到普遍关注。尽管现有研究对农村集体产权制度改革模式、实践中存在的困难与挑战等关键问题展开了一些讨论,但对改革总体进程缺乏全面考察,而关于影响集体资产产权改革进程的要素研究也还停留在个案分析层面。本文对我国农村集体资产产权改革历程和各地改革模式进行了系统梳理,并基于全国九省156个村的调研数据,对我国农村集体资产产权制度改革进程及其影响因素展开分析。结果表明,农村集体资产产权改革进度省际间差异较大,部分地方性方案待规改;资产评估、成员界定、股权分配和产权制度安排等是村集体经营性政策改革的难点和关键;影响农村集体资产确权进展的因素存在区域异质性,而较大的资产规模与传统的集权式村治减缓了确权进度。

Rural collective asset reform has received widespread attention in the theoretical and policy circles,and the existing research has also discussed some key issues such as the property rights reform mode of rural collective operating assets,and the difficulties and challenges in practice.However,these discussions lack a comprehensive field study of the overall reform process,and the research on the factors affecting the reform process are still at the level of case analysis.This study systematically sorts out the process of property rights reform of rural collectively-operated assets in China and the reform models of various regions.Based on the survey data of 156 villages in nine provinces of China,this paper conducts an empirical analysis of the process of property rights reform of rural collective assets and its influencing factors.The results show that the progress of rural collective operating assets reform is quite different between provinces,and some local programs need to be revised.Asset evaluation,member definition,equity distribution and property rights arrangement are the difficulties and key points of the reform.There are regional heterogeneity in the factors that influence the development of the confirmation of rural operational assets,and the large scale of assets and the traditional centralized village governance slow down the progress of the confirmation.