中国牧草产业发展的历史演进、现实约束与战略选择

Historical Evolution,Realistic Constraints and Strategic Choices of China’s Forage Grass Industry

基于宏观统计数据和微观调研数据,本文系统梳理中国牧草产业发展历史和特征、总结提炼发展成就、挖掘产业面临的主要挑战并提出促进产业进一步发展的战略选择。新中国成立以来,中国牧草产业共经历了萌芽期、成长期和快速发展期三个阶段,产业发展形势整体向好、技术水平有所提高、发展方式不断创新且综合效益逐步显现。但是也面临着产业重要性未受到充分认可、核心领域关键技术对外依存度高、市场体系不完善和扶持政策不精准等现实约束。因此,需要采取破除传统种养观念、提升关键技术自主研发水平、加大市场体系建设力度以及完善政策体系等重点措施以促进中国牧草产业稳定持续发展。

Based on statistical data and survey data,,the articale systematically combing the history and characteristics of China’s forage grass industry,summarizing and refining development achievements,exploring the main challenges facing the industry and proposing strategic choices to promote the further development of the industry.Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,China’s forage grass industry has experienced three stages,including germination,gradually growth and rapid development.The overall development of the industry has improved,the level of technology has improved,the mode of development has been continuously innovated,and comprehensive benefits have gradually emerged.However,it also faces the reality that the importance of the industry is not fully recognized,the key technologies in the core field are highly dependent on foreign countries,the market system is imperfect,and the supporting policies are not accurate.Therefore,changing the traditional concept of planting and animal husbandry,improving the level of independent research and development of key technologies,increasing the strength of the built of market system and improving the policy supportive system are recommended choices to promote sustainable development of China’s forage grass industry.