我国68所二、三级医院心脏康复开展现况调查

Cross sectional study on cardiac rehabilitation from 68 classⅡand classⅢhospitals in China

目的了解国内二、三级医院心脏康复开展现况,为优化心脏康复的实施提供参考。方法2018年6月,采用便利抽样法,选取上海市、浙江省、吉林省、贵州省、新疆维吾尔自治区等12个省、自治区、直辖市的68所二、三级医院的护理管理者为调查对象,对其所在医院心脏康复的开展基本情况、康复内容、延续性护理实施情况进行调查。结果68所二、三级医院心脏康复开展现状得分为(4.75±1.73)分,总体处于中等偏下水平。心脏康复开展较好的为戒烟指导、饮食指导和血压控制;开展较差的为职业康复指导、生活质量评估和心理管理。影响心脏康复开展的主要因素为:人员不足占70.59%,缺乏完善的运作机制占66.18%,缺少政策支持占52.94%。结论我国二、三级医院已陆续开展心脏康复但存在诸多不足,应着重加强心脏康复的基础建设,完善心脏康复内容,推进延续性护理服务发展。

ObjectiveTo understand the situation of cardiac rehabilitation from ClassⅡand ClassⅢhospitals in China,so as to provide a reference for optimizing cardiac rehabilitation.MethodsIn June 2018,we selected 68 nursing managers of ClassⅡand ClassⅢhospitals from totals of 12 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government such as Shanghai,Zhejiang Province,Jilin Province,Guizhou Province and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as subjects by convenience sampling.We investigated the basis development condition,rehabilitation content,implementation of transitional nursing of cardiac rehabilitation in those hospitals.ResultsAmong 68 ClassⅡand ClassⅢhospitals,the score of cardiac rehabilitation was(4.75±1.73)with the lower middle level as a whole.The good development of cardiac rehabilitation included the smoking cessation guidance,diet guidance and blood pressure control.The poor development of cardiac rehabilitation involved the vocational rehabilitation guidance,assessment for quality of life and mental management.The main influencing factors of development of cardiac rehabilitation were staff shortage(70.59%),lack of perfect operational mechanism(66.18%)and lack of policy support(52.94%).ConclusionsIn China,the ClassⅡand ClassⅢhospitals have developed cardiac rehabilitation in succession however with many deficiencies.Hospitals should strengthen the basic construction of cardiac rehabilitation,perfect the rehabilitation content and promote the development of transitional nursing.