天上人间与月夜观想——苏轼中秋诗词的文本解读与意义生成

Imagination of Heaven and Human Beings on the Mid-Autumn Night——The Textual Interpretation and Meaning Generation of Su Shi's Mid-Autumn Poems

熙宁九年至元丰五年的数度中秋,苏轼在不同地方创作了一系列诗词,它们在不同的文本场域中发生了主题变奏,生成了多重意义,也构成了一种共情和互文关系。密州中秋词是继《江城子》后又一首含有追忆与往生之思的作品,因在中秋唱和与语境转换中生成了友悌、游仙、忠爱、哲思等主题。人们基于不同的情感体验与文本场域召唤并丰富了词的文本意义,想象了苏轼与李白诗仙相对的词仙形象,赋予了中秋之日以新的文化义涵。诗词经典的题旨探究除结合作者的社会时代与人生经历,还应兼顾其思想观念、知识结构和心理情感,而时人之评论、后世之误读、今人之感发等不同体验及其情感谱系构成了不同时代文本解读与意义生成的历史情境。

During the Mid-Autumn Festival from Nine Years of Xining to Five Years of Yuanfeng,Su Shi wrote a series of poems in different places.The themes of these poems varied in different textual fields,and multiple meanings of these poems were generated.There was an interactive and intertextual relationship formed between the series of poems.Prelude to Water Melody(水调歌头)is another work of Su Shi which contains memories and thoughts of emotional life after Jiangcheng Zi(江城子).About this poem,the themes of brotherhood,immortality,loyalty and philosophical thinking are generated through the Mid-Autumn Festival singing and contextual transformation.Readers are capable of calling and enriching the textual meanings of Ci by taking their own different emotional experiences into account or standing on various textual fields,as well as imagining Su Shi’s image of master of Ci compared with Li Bai’s image as master of poetry and endowing the Mid-Autumn Festival with a new cultural connotation.Besides considering the author’s life experience and the social and historical environment he lived in,the thematic exploration of classical poetry should also pay extra attention to the author’s ideas,knowledge structure and psychological feelings.