以多发急性脑梗死为首发表现的Trousseau综合征12例临床分析

Trousseau syndrome with multiple acute cerebral infarction as initial presentation:a clinical analysis of 12 cases

回顾性分析2011年12月至2017年12月以急性动脉系统脑梗死入河北医科大学第四医院神经内科、治疗过程中发现恶性肿瘤,诊断为Trousseau综合征的12例患者临床资料。12例中,有脑梗死传统危险因素者4例,无传统危险因素者8例;影像学检查发现单个梗死病灶者2例,≥2个病灶者10例;病灶分布在≥2个供血动脉分布区域者9例;其中,10例患者血D-二聚体水平升高,5例纤维蛋白原水平增高,7例外周血血小板计数增高,8例同型半胱氨酸水平升高,其恶性肿瘤经病理检查确诊10例,临床及影像学诊断2例。以急性脑梗死为主要表现的Trousseau综合征患者常为多发病灶,累及多支血管供血区,无传统脑梗死危险因素,可伴血D-二聚体和纤维蛋白原水平增高,血液高凝状态可能是肿瘤并发脑梗死的重要发病机制。

Clinical data of 12 cases of Trousseau syndrome with cerebral infarction as initial presentation admitted in the neurology department of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 12 patients,4 cases had risk factors for cerebral infarction and 8 ones had no risk factors.There were 2 patients with 1 lesion and 10 patients with two or more lesions in brain imaging.The infarction lesions of 9 patients were located in 2 or more arterial blood supply areas.Ten patients showed an elevated plasma D-dimer level,5 had elevated fibrinogen level,7 showed increased blood platelet count and 8 had increased homocysteine level.Ten cases were confirmed by pathology,2 cases by clinic and imaging diagnosis.The study suggests that multiple lesions with several cerebral arteries involved,high plasma D-dimer and fibrinogen levels may be the clinical characteristics of Trousseau syndrome with initial presentation as acute ischemic stroke and lacking of risk factors.The hypercoagulation state may be the important pathogenesis of this disorder.