能源资本与技术创新的乘数效应

Multiplier Effect between Energy Capital and Technological Innovation

通过对人类能源发展史的考察,发现每一次能源形态的转型都伴随着重大的技术创新,而每次重大技术创新都离不开能源资本的驱动。能源领域的技术创新体现在三个方面:一是能源形态转化为能源资产的技术创新,二是能源资产转化为能源资本的技术创新,三是能源资本利用的技术创新。从改变人类社会生产方式的两次工业革命来看,能源资本与技术创新之间存在着一种"双向乘数效应"。能源资本的投入,可以使技术发明和技术创新产生乘数效应;而技术发明和技术创新又促进了能源形态的转型和能源资本使用效率的提高,对能源资本的使用效益而言就是一种乘数效应。当今技术创新的主要特点,就是不同产业之间的深度交叉和融合,影响能源的很多技术都并非出自能源行业自身。能源领域的技术创新,会对其他领域的技术带来某种乘数效应;其他领域的技术创新,也会对能源领域的技术创新带来某种乘数效应。随着技术创新的不断深入,这种"搭车乘数效应"将会越来越明显。双向乘数效应代表了能源资本与技术创新之间的关联性,搭车乘数效应代表了能源技术创新与其他技术创新之间的关联性。

Based on the investigation of energy development history, it is found that each transformation of energy form is accompanied with significant technological innovation, and each significant technological innova? tion is driven by energy capital.The technological innovation in the energy field include the innovation trans? forming energy form into energy assets, the innovation transforming energy assets into energy capital and the innovation utilizing energy capital.Based on the two industrial revolutions which changed the production mode of human society, there is bi-directional multiplier effect between energy capital and technological innovation. The input of energy capital can produce multiplier effect on technological invention and innovation, while the technological invention and innovation can promote the transformation of energy forms and the improvement of energy capital utilization efficiency, which is a kind of multiplier effect for energy capital utilization efficiency. Nowadays, the main characteristics of technological innovation are the deep crossing and integration among multiple industries, and many technologies which in fluence the energy are not from the energy industry.The technological innovation in the energy field will produce some kind of multiplier effect on the technological innovation in other fields, and vice versa.With the deepening of technological innovation, such hitch-hike multiplier effect will become more and more obvious.The bi-directional multiplier effect expresses the correlation between energy capital and technological innovation, and the hitch-hike multiplier effect expresses the correlation between technological innovation in the energy field and technological innovation in other fields.