硝酸银和硫代硫酸银对籽瓜强雌系的诱雄效果

Comparison of the effect of bisexual flower inducing of silver nitrate and silver thiosulfate on the predominately gynoecious of edible seed watermelon

瓜类强雌系可用于简化人工杂交制种,通过选取硝酸银和硫代硫酸银作为诱雄剂,对籽瓜强雌系幼苗进行诱雄处理,为籽瓜强雌系扩繁保存提供理论依据.以籽瓜强雌系‘DK1’为试材,采用不同浓度的硝酸银(100、300、500、700mg·L-1)和硫代硫酸银(300、600、900、1 200 mg·L-1)溶液在幼苗第1~3片真叶平展期分别进行不同喷施次数(1次、2次、3次)处理,统计比较了2种诱雄剂不同浓度及次数处理后植株主蔓第5~20节位内两性花、雄花、雌花和败育花的数量.结果 表明,300 mg· L-1硝酸银和900 mg·L-1硫代硫酸银喷施3次诱导两性花的效果最佳,其中硫代硫酸银溶液的诱导两性花数量优于硝酸银溶液.生产上可参考此诱雄方法扩繁籽瓜强雌系.

The predominately gynoecious of cucurbits can be used to simplify artificial hybrid seed production.In this study,silver nitrate and silver thiosulfate were selected as bisexual-inducting reagent to treat the seedling stage of predominately gynoecious of edible seed watermelon(CzZrM//w5 lanatus ssp.vulgaris var.megalaspermus Lin et Chao),which provided a theoretical basis for the propagation and storage of the predominately gynoecious breeding line of edible seed watermelon.The predominately gynoecious of edible seed watermelon ‘DK1’ was used as materials to study the effects of inducing bisexual flowers by different concentrations of silver nitrate (100,300,500,700mg·L^-1) and silver thiosulfate (300,600,900,1200mg·L^-1),and the 1st to 3rd true leaf of extending stage was treated with different spraying times (1 time,2 times,3 times).The number of bisexual flowers,male flowers,female flowers and abortive flowers in the 5th to 20th nodes were statistically compared,after treating with the two kinds of bisexual?inducting reagent in different times and concentrations.The results showed that the best effect of inducing amphoteric flowers was achieved by spraying silver nitrate concentration at 300mg·L^-1 and silver thiosulfate concentration at 900mg·L^-1 for 3 times,the number of amphoteric flowers induced by silver thiosulfate was superior to that of silver nitrate.It can be used for propagation and storage of the strong female breeding line of seed-used watermelon in production.