《中华医典》针灸治疗荨麻疹的古代文献计量分析

Literature analysis of acupuncture for urticaria from Encyclopaedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine

目的分析古代医籍记载针灸治疗荨麻疹的相关条文,为优化临床针灸治疗方案的参考依据。方法以《中华医典》(第5版)记载针灸治疗荨麻疹的古代医籍条文为研究对象,以"瘾疹""风瘙瘾疹"等为关键词,建立含文献出处、年代、原文、证型、选穴个数、刺法灸法、穴位等内容的数据库,依据频次进行描述性分析。结果记载针灸治疗荨麻疹的最早医籍是晋代《针灸甲乙经》,条文最多是明代《普济方》(22个);63.64%的条文未描述证候分型,36.35%的条文仅简单描述寒性与热性证型;共记载单穴处方117个,对穴处方4个,多穴处方11个;常用干预措施为针刺结合艾灸(41次)、艾灸(31次)和针刺(22次);常用穴位为曲池(43次)、合谷(18次)和肩髃(17次);手阳明大肠经的穴位数量(5个)及出现频次(84次)均为最多;特定穴以五输穴为主(105次);分布以上肢部为主(120次)。结论依据古代医籍优化后的针灸治疗方案可能更适用于急性荨麻疹,且适宜在基层单位推广应用。

Objective To analyze the related records of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of urticaria in ancient medical books,and to select valuable data as a reference for clinical optimization of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment.Methods With the keywords of "Yin Zhen" and "Feng Sao Yin Zhen",the ancient medical records of acupuncture and moxibustion were retrieved from Encyclopaedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (5th edition) as the research object,to build database including books,publish year,records,number of selected acupoints,acupuncture and moxibustion methods,acupuncture points,and analyze according to the frequency.Results The earliest records were from the Jin Dynasty (A.D.266-420)"A-B classic of acupuncture and moxibustion",the most documented book was the Ming Dynasty Pu Ji Fang (22);63.64% of the records did not describe the urticaria syndrome classification,while 36.35% only briefly described the cold and heat.There were 117 single point prescription,4 pair points prescription,11 multi-point prescription.The commonly used interventions were acupuncture combined with moxibustion (41),moxibustion (31) and needling (22).Commonly used acupoints were Quchi (43),Hegu (18),Jianyu (17).The acupoints were mainly from Hand Yangming large intestine meridian (84),as the specific points of five (105) and from upper limb (120).Conclusions Chinese acupuncture treatment of urticaria has a long history.Prescription was usually single prescription,and the lack of the principle of syndrome differentiation,acupoints from the Hand Yangming large intestine meridian were Quchi,Hegu,etc.as the main points.Ancient medical acupuncture treatment program might be suitable for acute urticaria and grassroots units.