几种环境因子对皱纹盘鲍的胁迫作用及其阈值

Stress and early warning threshold of several environmental factors on Haliotis discus hannai Ino

针对福建等海域养殖皱纹盘鲍度夏死亡率高的现象,试验研究了不同盐度、温度和溶解氧条件,对皱纹盘鲍幼鲍和1龄鲍死亡率的影响,并根据试验结果设定了皱纹盘鲍海上养殖盐度、温度和溶解氧预警阈值。结果表明:低盐胁迫对皱纹盘鲍的死亡率影响显著,在水温24~27℃时,盐度20是幼鲍和1龄鲍试验组和对照组死亡率有显著差异的临界点,盐度预警阈值为22;高温胁迫对皱纹盘鲍的死亡率影响显著,温度28℃是幼鲍和1龄鲍试验组和对照组死亡率有显著差异的临界点,温度预警阈值为27℃;皱纹盘鲍有较强的耐低氧能力,在水温26℃,盐度为30,溶解氧低于2.0 mg/L时,开始大量死亡,溶解氧预警阈值为3.5 mg/L;高温胁迫和低盐胁迫对皱纹盘鲍的死亡率有显著的交互作用,温度升高,低盐耐受能力下降。

To address the high summer mortality of Haliotis discus hannai Ino, found in Fujian and other sea areas, the effects of varying salinities, temperatures, and dissolved oxygen levels on the mortality of juvenile and 1-year-old abalone were studied. Early warning threshold levels for salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen in the farming environment of abalone were set according to the experimental results. The results showed that low salt stress had a significant effect on the mortality of H. discus hannai Ino. At 24–27℃, a salinity of 20 was the critical point for the mortality of juvenile and 1-year-old abalone, and the early warning threshold of salinity was set at 22. High temperature stress also had a significant effect on the mortality of the species, with a temperature of 28℃ having been found to be the critical point for the mortality of juvenile and 1-year-old abalone;the early warning threshold of temperature was set at 27℃. H. discus hannai Ino showed a tolerance to hypoxia;when the water temperature was 26℃, salinity was 30, and dissolved oxygen was < 2.0 mg/L, a large number of deaths began, and the early warning threshold of dissolved oxygen was found to be 3.5 mg/L. High temperature stress and low salt stress showed a significant interactive effect on the mortality rate of H. discus hannai Ino. The tolerance to low salt decreased with increasing temperature.