文化维度理论下的阿拉伯固有文化特征研究

The Inherent Cultural Characteristics of Arabia under the Cultural Dimension Theory

“一带一路”建设需要做到“民心相通”,“民心相通”需要深入对沿线国家的文化传统研究。阿拉伯固有文化是阿拉伯文化传统中的重要组成部分,本文依据霍夫斯泰德的文化维度理论,综合沙漠文化、部落文化、游牧文化等,从五个维度对阿拉伯固有文化传统的特征进行梳理,概括其具有低权力距离、弱不确定性规避、偏集体主义、阳刚气质、兼具长期导向与短期导向等特征,分别体现为“不驯服”的个人、迁徙的常态、宗派主义、豪侠精神、享乐与坚韧。这些特征并未随着阿拉伯文化的发展而消失,而是作为阿拉伯文化传统深层结构的内容存在并持续影响着当代阿拉伯人的生活。我们构建当代对阿交往,必须深入了解并把握阿拉伯固有文化的特征,这样才能实现跨文化的理解与交流,实现真正意义上的“民心相通”。

Building“the Belt and Road” needs“strengthened People-to-people Ties”,which requires thorough studying in the cultural traditions of countries along“the Belt and Road”.The inherent culture of Arab is an important part of the Arab cultural tradition.Based on Hofstede s cultural dimension theory,this paper combines desert culture,tribal culture and nomadic culture to sort out the characteristics of Arab inherent cultural tradition from five dimensions.It is characterized by low power distance,weak uncertainty avoidance,partial collectivism,masculinity,both long-term and short-term orientations.They are embodied as“untamed” individuals,the normal of migration,sectarianism,heroic spirit,hedonism with perseverance.These characteristics did not disappear with the development of Arab culture,but as the content of the deep structure of the Arab cultural tradition,existed and continued to affect the life of contemporary Arabs.When we construct contemporary communication with Arab world,we must thoroughly understand and grasp the characteristics of Arab inherent culture in order to achieve successful cross-cultural understanding and communication,so as to realize the“strengthened People-to-people Ties” in the true sense.