沙棘果与沙棘叶化学成分及其差异的研究进展

Research progress on chemical constituents and their differences between sea buckthorn berries and leaves

沙棘果和沙棘叶是来源于同一基原植物的不同药用部位,多作为民族药使用,在蒙古族和藏族具有较长的用药史。该文综述了沙棘果和沙棘叶在化学成分及其差异的相关研究,发现二者在黄酮类、三萜类、甾类、有机酸类及挥发油等化学成分的组成和含量上,具有相同或相似之处,同时也存在一定的差异。二者的主要差异为:沙棘叶黄酮含量高于沙棘果,沙棘果所含黄酮种类多于沙棘叶;沙棘果所含甾类、有机酸的种类和含量均高于沙棘叶;沙棘果中含有丰富的挥发油类成分,沙棘叶含有较多种类的酚类化合物。最后,提出了存在的主要问题及下一步研究展望。

Sea buckthorn berries and leaves are two medicinal parts derived from the same primitive plant,mostly used as ethnic medicine,which have a long history in Mongolian and Tibetan. This paper reviews the studies on the chemical composition and differences between sea buckthorn berries and leaves. They have the same or similar composition and content of flavonoids,triterpenes,steroids,organic acids and volatile oils,also have some differences. The main differences are as follows: the flavonoids content in the sea buckthorn leaves is greater than that of the sea buckthorn berries,but the species of flavonoids in the berries are higher than leaves. The species and content of steroids and organic acids in the berries are higher than that of the leaves. The berries contain abundant volatile oil,and the leaves contain many phenolic compounds. Finally,the main problems and the prospect of the next research are put forward.