基于分子模拟技术的豨莶通栓制剂抗血小板聚集作用机制研究

Anti-platelet aggregation mechanism of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation based on molecular simulation methods

血栓是血流在心血管系统血管内面剥落处或修补处的表面所形成的小块,是心血管疾病的主要并发症和致死原因,而血栓的治疗主要从抗凝血、抗血小板聚集和溶栓3个方面进行。该研究收集豨莶通栓制剂中7味活血化瘀中药的化学成分构建成分数据库,利用药效团和分子对接的方法,对成分数据库进行虚拟筛选,以阐释豨莶通栓制剂通过抑制血小板聚集发挥抗血栓活性的物质基础和作用机制。首先,选择P2Y12,GPⅡb/Ⅲa和PAR1为研究载体,分别构建其抑制剂的药效团模型,通过对药效团模型的验证和评价,获得P2Y12,GPⅡb/Ⅲa和PAR1的最优药效团模型。随后,利用PAR1,P2Y12和GPⅡb/Ⅲa的最优药效团模型筛选成分数据库以得到主要成分,包括三七总皂苷、水蛭素和红花黄色素类化合物。最后,利用分子对接方法进一步精简筛选结果,保留打分值高于原配体打分值,且与原配体-受体相互作用模式相似的化合物为高活性成分。最终筛选得到桃皮素为PAR1的高活性抑制剂,亚叶酸为GPⅡb/Ⅲa的高活性抑制剂,说明豨莶通栓制剂发挥抗血小板聚集功效可能是三七总皂苷和亚叶酸抑制GPⅡb/Ⅲa的表达;水蛭素和红花黄色素类化合物抑制P2Y12的表达;桃皮素抑制PAR1的表达共同发挥作用,进一步抑制血小板聚集。豨莶通栓制剂抗血小板聚集功效的物质基础及作用机制的阐释,为该药物的临床使用提供理论依据,同时也能够为抗血小板聚集药物的研发提供先导化合物。

The thrombus is a deposit that is formed on the surface of the endovascular or at the site of repair,and known as the main complication of cardiovascular disease and the cause of death. At the same time,thrombus is mainly treated by the following three ways: anticoagulation,anti-platelet aggregation and thrombolysis. In this study,the chemical constituents of seven traditional Chinese medicines in the Xixian Tongshuan Preparation were collected to construct a component database. Subsequently,the pharmacophore were used to screen out the component database,and molecular docking was used to screen out the results of pharmacophore for explaining the material basis and mechanism that Xixian Tongshuan Preparation exerts anti-thrombotic activity by inhibiting platelet aggregation. First of all,P2 Y12,GPⅡb/Ⅲa and PAR1 were selected as study vectors,the optimal models of inhibitors were obtained respectively through verification and evaluation of the pharmacophore models. Afterwards,the component database was screened out by the optimal pharmacophore models of PAR1,P2 Y12 and GP Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a,and the molecular docking method was used to further refine the screening results. The screening results indicated that the anti-platelet aggregation effect of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation was correlated with the inhibition of P2 Y12,PAR1 and GPⅡb/Ⅲa expressions with saffower yellower,hirudin and candidin and notoginseng triterpenes,folinic acid,respectively. The material basis and mechanism of anti-platelet aggregation of Xixian Tongshuan Preparation provided a theoretical basis for the clinical use of the preparation and the lead compounds for the development of anti-platelet aggregation drugs.