口腔支持干预提高早产儿喂养效果

Oral Support Intervention to Improve the Feeding Effect of Premature Infants

为了观察口腔支持干预在早产儿喂养中的应用效果,本研究选取2016年6月至2017年12月在长沙市口腔医院接受治疗的早产儿为研究对象,并根据其喂养方式分为对照组和观察组。对照组给予常规喂养,观察组在此基础上给予口腔支持干预。观察两组早产儿喂养效果、体重增长、住院时间的差异,比较两组早产儿营养指标和预后的差异。结果表明,观察组早产儿的开始经口喂养效率、摄入奶量比和完全经口喂养效率均高于对照组(t=11.060, 3.324, 5.934, p<0.001);观察组早产儿的出院时体重、体重增长率均高于对照组(t=8.844, 3.577, p<0.001),住院时间较对照组短(t=9.515, p<0.001);两组早产儿干预前的红细胞(red blood cell,RBC)、血清白蛋白(blood albumin, ALB)和前白蛋白(prealbumin, PA)水平无差别,干预后,观察组早产儿的RBC、ALB和PA水平高于对照组(t=1.951, 7.999, 11.724, p<0.05);观察组早产儿吐奶、吸吮吞咽无力和便秘发生率低于对照组(χ~2=4.891, p=0.027)。口腔支持干预在早产儿喂养中的应用效果较好,可明显提高其喂养效率,改善营养状况,具有良好的临床应用价值。

In order to observe the effect of oral support intervention in premature infant feeding. The preterm infants who were treated in Changsha Stomatological Hospital from June 2016 to December 2017 were selected and divided into cozntrol group and observation group according to their feeding mode. The control group was given conventional feeding, and the observation group was given oral support intervention on this basis. The differences in feeding effect, weight gain, and length of hospital stay between the two groups were observed. The differences in nutritional indicators and prognosis between the two groups were compared. Results show that, The initial oral feeding efficiency, the intake of milk and the efficiency of complete oral feeding in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=11.060, 3.324, 5.934, p<0.001). The weight gain and weight gain rate of the premature infants in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=8.844, 3.577, p<0.001), and the length of stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group(t=9.515, p<0.001). Two groups of preterm infants had no difference in the levels of RBC, ALB and PA before intervention. After intervention, the levels of red blood cell(RBC), blood albumin(ALB) and prealbumin(PA) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(t=1.951, 7.999, 11.724, p<0.05). The observation group premature infant spits, sucking and swallowing weakness and constipation was lower than the control group(χ~2=4.891, p=0.027). Oral support intervention has a good effect in the feeding of premature infants, which can significantly improve the feeding efficiency and nutritional status, and has good application value.