高血糖对血管内皮细胞损伤机制的影响

Effect of Hyperglycemia on Mechanism of Vascular Endothelial Cell Injury

高血糖作为糖尿病的主要代谢紊乱之一,是糖尿病血管并发症发病机制的关键因素,在糖尿病大血管和微血管并发症的发生发展中起重要作用。血管内皮细胞损伤导致的功能障碍是糖尿病血管并发症的始动因素,是多种心血管疾病发病的早期阶段,而高血糖是引起血管内皮细胞功能失调的一个重要因子。高血糖可以通过多元醇通路活化、晚期糖基化终末产物形成增加、蛋白激酶C活化以及己糖胺通路激活4种主要机制导致血管内皮细胞的损伤。未来,应对高血糖损伤内皮细胞机制进行深入研究,以为糖尿病血管并发症的防治提供新思路。

As one of the main metabolic disorders of diabetes,hyperglycemia is a key factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications and plays an important role in the development of diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications.The dysfunction caused by vascular endothelial cell injury is the initiating factor of diabetic vascular complications,and is the early stage of various cardiovascular diseases.Hyperglycemia is an important factor causing vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.Hyperglycemia can lead to injury of vascular endothelial cells through four main mechanisms:activation of polyol pathways,increased formation of advanced glycation end products,activation of protein kinase C,and activation of hexosamine pathway.In the future,the mechanism of endothelial cell injury induced by hyperglycemia should be further studied to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of diabetic vascular complications.