N-乙酰半胱氨酸在各系统疾病防治中的研究进展

Research Advances of N-Acetylcysteine in Prevention and Treatment of Various Diseases

N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)为一种含有巯基的化合物,最初作为黏液溶解剂用于呼吸系统疾病的治疗。NAC作为一种巯基供给体,具有多种作用,不仅具有抗氧化、清除体内氧自由基、预防DNA的损伤、调节细胞的代谢活性、调整基因的表达和信号转导,抑制炎性介质的产生等作用,还可以作为一种一氧化氮(NO)载体增加NO的生物利用度,发挥NO生理效应,同时NAC脱乙酰基后成为谷胱甘肽(GSH)合成的前提,促进GSH合成,调整细胞信号转导。NAC在呼吸系统、消化系统、心血管系统等方面已经得到了广泛的应用。

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a sulfhydryl compound originally used as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases.As a thiol donor,NAC has many functions,including anti-oxidation,elimination of oxygen free radicals in the body,preventing DNA damage,regulating cell metabolic activity,regulating gene expression and signal transduction,and inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.It can also be used as a nitric oxide(NO) carrier to increase the bioavailability of NO and exert its physiological effects.At the same time,NAC becomes a prerequisite for glutathione (GSH) synthesis after deacetylation,which promotes GSH synthesis and regulates cellular signals transduction.NAC has been widely used in various diseases of the respiratory system,digestive system,cardiovascular system and so no.