国土空间视角下的海洋功能区划融入“多规合一”

Integrating Marine Functional Zoning into ‘Multiple-plan Integration’ from the Perspective of Territorial Space

为提高我国海洋空间规划和海域使用管理水平,文章以国土空间为视角,分析海洋功能区划融入“多规合一”的必要性、可行性和路径。研究结果表明:“多规合一”是基于对国土空间的统一分区和用途管制,对现有规划体系的有机融合、升级和重构;海洋功能区划是我国法律确定的海洋管理基本制度,在实现用海有度、有序和有规,保护海洋生态环境,促进海洋经济发展以及保障养殖用海空间等方面发挥重要作用;海洋功能区划的实施具有法律依据,其“综合分区+目标管控+用途管制”的核心理念与“多规合一”一致,分区分类方式有利于现有规划体系的衔接,在保护性、前瞻性和陆海统筹等方面的不足亟须在“多规合一”的过程中改进;“多规合一”可参考海洋功能区划实施的经验和教训,制定“一个规划”和“一套标准”。

In order to improve the marine spatial planning(MSP) and sea area use management in China,this paper analyzed the necessity,feasibility and path of integrating Marine Functional Zoning(MFZ) into “Multiple-plan Integration”(MI) from the perspective of territorial space.The results showed that MI is based on the unified zoning and use control of land space,and the organic integration,upgrading and reconstruction of the existing planning system.MFZ is a basic system of marine management established by laws in China.It plays an important role in the realization of the rational,orderly and regulated sea use,the protection of marine ecological environment,the promotion of marine economic development and the protection of marine space for aquaculture.The implementation of the MFZ has a legal basis.Its comprehensive regional and use control is consistent with the MI.Its classification method is advantageous to the cohesion of the existing planning system.It is necessary to improve the MFZ by referring its experience and lessons into the “One plan” and “one set of standards” in the process of developing MI.