高精度和高分辨率水下地形地貌探测技术综述

A Summary of High-precision and High-resolution Underwater Topography Detection Techniques

为提高我国水下地形地貌探测技术水平,促进对海洋的科学认知和高效开发利用,文章综述高精度和高分辨率水下地形地貌探测技术研发进展,并分析关键技术发展方向。研究结果表明:采用机载激光、多波束、侧扫声呐、浅地层剖面、双频识别声呐、合成孔径声呐和水下三维扫描声呐等探测技术以及无人船、水下机器人和海底观测网等探测平台,可获取高精度和高分辨率水下地形地貌信息;应在提高设备性能、减小探测误差和完善数据算法等方面加大研究力度,重点发展综合探测技术,从而全面和清晰地反映水下地形地貌。

In order to improve the technology of underwater topography detection and promote the scientific recognition and efficient development and utilization of the ocean,this paper reviewed the research progress of high-precision and high-resolution underwater topography detection technology,and analyzed the developing prospect of key technologies.The results showed that high-precision and high-resolution underwater topographic information can be obtained by using airborne laser,multi-beam,side-scan sonar,shallow stratum profiler,dual-frequency recognition sonar,synthetic aperture sonar,underwater three-dimensional scanning sonar and other detection techniques,as well as unmanned ship,underwater vehicle and submarine observation network.For the purpose of detecting the underwater topography fully and clearly,it should strengthen the research on improving equipment performance,reducing detection errors and optimizing data algorithms,and focus on the development of comprehensive underwater detection technology.