改性ZnO空心球光催化性能的研究进展

Research Progress in Photocatalytic Performance of Modified ZnO Hollow Spheres

近年来,有机染料大量使用引起的水污染问题日益严重,因此迫切需要一种绿色、高效的技术来去除废水中的持久性有机污染物。ZnO作为一种廉价、无毒、储量丰富的半导体光催化剂,被认为是TiO2的最佳替代品。ZnO空心球由于其独特的结构,拥有良好的光吸收能力和光催化稳定性,具有很好的应用前景,但是纯的ZnO空心球的禁带宽度较大,只能对紫外光或近紫外光作出响应。综述了ZnO空心球的制备方法以及其改性材料的光催化性能。并在提升ZnO空心球光催化性能方面做出了详细的阐述,包括掺杂、金属沉积、构建异质结等。讨论了增强ZnO空心球光催化活性的机制。

Recently, the problem of water pollution caused by the excessive use of organic dyes has become increasingly serious. Hence, green and efficient technology is urgently needed to remove persistent organic pollutants from the wastewater. As a cheap, non-toxic and abundant semiconductor photocatalyst, ZnO is considered as the best substitute for TiO2. ZnO hollow spheres have good light absorption ability and photocatalytic stability owing to novel structure, and show great application prospects. However, pure ZnO hollow sphere has large band gap and only respond to ultraviolet or near ultraviolet light. The preparation methods of ZnO hollow spheres and the photocatalytic properties of the modified materials were reviewed.The methods for enhancing photocatalytic properties of ZnO hollow spheres were reviewed, including metal doping, metal deposition, construction of heterojunction, and so on. The mechanisms of enhancing photocatalytic activity of ZnO hollow spheres were also discussed.