火箭蒙皮在岩石颗粒撞击下的变形与破坏

Damage of Rocket Skin under the Impact of Rock Particle

火箭井式发射过程中,发射场坪上的岩石颗粒在高速引流的作用下会向井口运动并有可能撞击到正在出井的火箭。为了预测火箭蒙皮在岩石颗粒撞击下的损伤情况,利用非线性显式动力学分析程序LSDYNA建立了岩石颗粒垂直撞击薄靶板的三维模型,分析了火箭蒙皮在岩石颗粒撞击下的动态响应。研究了岩石颗粒的速度、体积及其形状和桁条结构对蒙皮变形破坏的影响。研究结果表明:在岩石颗粒撞击下,火箭蒙皮主要发生弹性变形,局部区域发生塑性变形并产生1~5mm不等的永久凹陷。在撞击过程中,蒙皮的变形位移与岩石颗粒的撞击速度和体积近似成正比关系,且长方体岩石颗粒对蒙皮造成的变形破坏要小于球体岩石颗粒。此外,桁条结构在一定程度上可以提高蒙皮的抗冲击性能。

In the process of the rocket silo launching,the rock particles on launching site move toward the silo and may impact the rocket having out just in time under the action of high-speed airflow.In order to predict the damage of rocket skin,the model of vertically impact of rock particle on a thin plate is established by LS-DYNA,and the dynamic response of the skin is analyzed.The effects of stringer structures and rock particle velocity,volume and shape on the deformation of the skin are discussed.The results show that under the impact of rock particle,the elastic deformation of the rocket skin mainly occurs and the plastic deformation occurs in local areas,and the depth of the permanent depression is from 1 mm to 5 mm.The deformation displacement of the rocket skin is approximately proportional to the impact velocity and volume of the rock particle,and the damage caused by the cuboid rock particle is less than that of the sphere particle.The stringer structures can improve the impact resistance of the skin in a certain extent.