经口服联合经肠瘘口置管肠内营养治疗肠外瘘的效果与护理

Effect and nursing of enteral nutrition through oral administration combined with intestinal fistula intubation on parenteral fistula

目的探讨肠外瘘患者治疗后期经口服联合经瘘口置管给予肠内营养的效果及护理方法。方法选取我科2015-2017年收治的20例小肠瘘患者,经消化道造影明确瘘口位置,在远端肠管无梗阻且足够的肠管提供营养吸收的前提下,肠瘘后期给予患者口服肠内营养,同时经小肠瘘口置入营养管循序渐进给予肠内营养支持。观察1周后,患者营养指标(血红蛋白、血清白蛋白)及舒适度的变化。结果实施肠内营养后,患者的血红蛋白、血清白蛋白水平均较实施前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实施肠内营养后,患者的舒适度明显优于实施前(P<0.001)。结论经口服联合经瘘口置管的方式给予患者肠内营养支持治疗可明显改善其营养状况,提高患者的舒适度。

Objective To investigate the effect and nursing of enteral nutrition through oral administration combined with intestinal fistula intubation on enterocutaneous fistula. Methods Twenty patients with small intestinal fistula admitted in our department from 2015 to 2017 were selected. The location of the fistula was determined by digestive tract radiography. On the premise that the distal intestinal canal had no obstruction and enough intestinal canal to provide nutritional absorption, the patients were given oral enteral nutrition at the later stage of intestinal fistula. At the same time, enteral nutrition support was provided step by step through the small intestinal fistula intubation. The changes of nutritional parameters(hemoglobin, serum albumin) and comfort were observed after 1 week. Results After enteral nutrition, the levels of hemoglobin and serum albumin were significantly higher than those before enteral nutrition(P<0.05);the comfort of patients was significantly better than that before enteral nutrition(P <0.001). Conclusion Enteral nutrition support treatment by oral administration combined with intestinal fistula intubation can significantly improve the nutritional status and comfort of patients.