我国长期护理保险制度现实困境及优化路径

Realistic Predicament and Optimized Path of Long-term Care Insurance System in China

长期护理保险制度是应对人口老龄化所带来的老年人照护缺失问题的重要手段。目前我国在多个地区开展了长期护理保险制度试点工作,随着试点工作的运行和发展,在长期护理保险制度管理、机构服务供给、护理人员的专业性、同医疗制度缺乏协调性等方面的问题逐渐暴露出来。未来长期护理保险制度的发展,需要明确政府间责任分工,建立高层次和综合性的管理体系;明确养老服务机构服务职能,开展养老服务机构结构性改革;加强长期护理服务人才队伍建设,提高护理人员能力;厘清医疗和护理界限,探索医养高效整合机制,逐步完善我国的长期护理保险制度。

Long-term care insurance system is an important means to deal with the lack of care for the elderly caused by the aging population. At present, China has carried out long-term care insurance system pilot work in many regions. With the operation and development of the pilot work, some problems such as management lacks co-ordination, service agencies with insufficient supply, paramedics lacked professionalism, lack of coordination between LTCI system and the medical system are exposed. The future of LTCI system development needs to be a clear division of responsibilities among governments;establishing a high-level and comprehensive management system;clarifying the service functions of pension service institutions, carrying out the structural reforms of pension service agencies;strengthening the construction of long-term nursing service personnel;improving the ability of caregivers. At the same time, we need to clarify the different between medical and care, explore an efficient integration mechanisms , and gradually improve the long-term care insurance system of our country.