后巴黎时代气候变化制度与国际贸易规则的协同研究

A Synergistic Study of Post-Paris Era Climate Change Actions and International Trade Rules

《巴黎协定》开启了国际气候合作新局面,缔约方提交"自主减排贡献"中的减排措施暴露了与国际多边贸易规则的潜在冲突。GATT/WTO的非歧视性原则、一般例外条款、以及TBT协议和PPMs等都与《巴黎协定》缔约方气候减排措施和潜在边境调节措施存在兼容性问题。基于GATT/WTO的具体规定和过往案例裁决,从"同类产品",东道国规制权、技术转移等方面分析后巴黎时代气候变化制度与国际贸易规则的协同思路和对策,并提出后续应从立法协调上提升贸易与气候政策的兼容性。

The Paris Agreement opened a new phase of international climate cooperation,and the emission reduction measures submitted by Parties in the "Intended Nationally Determined Contribution( INDC)" exposed potential conflicts with international trade rules.The non-discriminatory principles,general exceptions,and TBT agreements and PPMs of the GATT/WTO are not compatible with climate mitigation measures and potential border adjustment measures for Parties to the Paris Agreement.Based on the specific provisions of GATT/WTO and past case rulings,this paper analyzes the synergistic ideas and paths of post-Paris era climate change actions and international trade rules from the aspects of "similar products",host country regulatory rights,technology transfer,and proposes follow-up legislation to coordinate the improvement of trade and climate policy compatibility.