不同冠状动脉病变支数冠心病患者的危险因素分析

Risk factors of coronary heart disease patients with different number of coronary artery lesions

目的探讨冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变支数之间的相关性。方法 332例经冠状动脉造影术且明确诊断为冠心病的患者作为研究对象,按照冠状动脉病变支数不同分为单支病变组(A组,87例)、双支病变组(B组, 95例)和三支病变组(C组, 150例),比较性别、年龄、血脂四项指标以及高血压、糖尿病、吸烟等危险因素在三组间的差异。结果三组男女性别比例、吸烟患者所占比例以及血低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随着病变支数的增多,患者年龄逐渐增大,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组有36.8%的患者年龄≥60岁, B组有62.1%的患者年龄≥60岁, C组有59.3%的患者年龄≥60岁,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平逐渐下降,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高血压及糖尿病患者所占比例随着病变支数的增多逐渐下降,三组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄及HDL-C水平可能是与冠状动脉病变程度相关的主要危险因素,年龄的增加及低HDL-C水平可加重冠状动脉病变程度。

Objective To discuss the correlation between risk factors of coronary heart disease and the number of coronary lesions. Methods A total of 332 patients with coronary artery disease diagnosed by coronary angiography were divided into single-vessel disease group(group A, 87 cases), double-vessel disease group(group B, 95 cases) and three-vessel disease group(group C, 150 cases) according to the number of coronary artery lesions. The differences of gender, age, blood lipid, hypertension, diabetes, smoking among the three groups was compared. Results Three groups had no statistically significant difference in gender ratio, proportion of smoking,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG) levels(P>0.05). With the increase of the number of lesion branches and the increase of age, there was a significant difference among the three groups(P<0.05). Group A had 36.8% of patients ≥60 years old, which was 62.1% in group B and 59.3%in group C. Three groups had statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) gradually decreased, and there was statistically significant difference among the three groups(P<0.05). The proportion of patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus decreased gradually with the increase of the number of lesion branches, and there were statistically significant differences among the three groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Age and HDL-C level may be the main risk factors related to the severity of coronary artery disease. Increased age and low HDL-C level may aggravate the severity of coronary artery disease.