利用夜间灯光数据的城市群格局变化分析

Spatial pattern change of China urban agglomerations using nighttime light data

针对传统的统计数据具有行政单元统计约束的缺点、DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据存在分辨率低、像元辐射值饱和的问题,该文使用NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据、城区边界、列车时刻表、百度地图API等数据,通过空间统计、标准差椭圆、位序-规模分布、空间联系测度研究中国九大城市群2012与2017年的空间格局变化。结果表明:长三角、珠三角、京津冀城市群的灯光总量和平均灯光均位于前列;长三角、珠三角、成渝、哈长、关中平原城市群灯光变分散,京津冀、长江中游、中原、北部湾城市群灯光变集中,成渝城市群夜间灯光重心移动最大,向重庆方向移动;长江中游城市群接近捷夫分布,中原城市群为序列分布,其他城市群为首位分布;长三角、珠三角、京津冀城市群的总体联系强度最高,各城市群边缘中小城市与核心城市空间联系较弱。

In view of the fact that statistical data had the disadvantage of statistical constraints of administrative units and DMSP/OLS nighttime light data had no enough spatial resolution and radiation resolution,this paper studied spatial pattern of China nine urban agglomerations using spatial statistics,standard deviational ellipse,rank-size distribution,and spatial correlation measurement based on NPP/VIIRS nighttime light data,urban boundary,railway schedule,Baidu Map's API in 2012 and 2017.The results showed that the total nighttime lights and average nighttime lights of Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration,Pearl River delta urban agglomeration,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration were the top three;the light distribution in Yangtze River delta urban agglomeration,Pearl River delta urban agglomeration,Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration,and Harbin-Changchun urban agglomeration was more dispersed from 2012 to 2017,whereas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,urban agglomeration in the middle reached of the Yangtze River,Central Plains urban agglomeration,Beibu Gulf urban agglomeration was more concentrated;the center of gravity of ellipse shift largest in ChengduChongqing urban agglomeration with the direction toward Chongqing;the urban agglomeration near the middle reached of the Yangtze River was close to Jeff distribution,Central Plains urban agglomeration had sequence distribution,and others were first-place distribution;the overall strength of the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,Beijing-Tianjin Hebei urban agglomeration was the highest,however,the spatial connection between small, medium-sized cities and core cities was weak in every Urban agglomeration.