基于时间距离轨迹的公交站点布设优化

Optimization of Bus Stop Layout Based on Time Distance Trajectory

在干线协调控制背景下,公交车辆因进站停靠无法实现绿波协调控制,公交站的位置对公交运行有较大的影响,干线协调控制与公交运行之间存在较大的不协调。拟通过调整公交站的位置,在一定程度上缓解二者之间的不协调。以时间距离图及绿波带为基础,绘制公交车流在路段上的行驶轨迹分布范围,分析了路段上无公交站、设有一个公交站和路段上成对布设公交站的公交车流行驶轨迹分布情况;考虑公交站和交叉口的组合,分析了公交站间交叉口群的公交车流行驶轨迹分布,以及成对布设与交叉口群的组合方案,得到二者交错衔接的理想布设方案。针对新建道路工程,提出基于理想布设方案的整体优化方法;针对改建道路工程,提出公交站位置局部微调优化方法。以武汉市雄楚大道为背景构建仿真模型,在现状方案的基础上建立优化方案和理想方案,运行多次仿真试验;统计公交车流的延误指标,优化方案的公交延误比现状方案降低了3.8%,优化效果不明显,但是理想方案的公交延误比现状方案降低了22%,具有很好的优化效果。仿真结果表明该方法具有一定的理论意义和实用价值,不足之处在于理想布设方案受道路条件约束,具有一定的局限性。

Under the background of arterial coordinated control,transitvehicles cannot achieve coordinated control of green waves due to busstopping. The location of bus stop has a great influence on busoperation,and there is a large imbalance between arterial coordinationcontrol and bus operation. We intends to alleviate the imbalance betweenthe two by adjusting the location of bus station. Based on the timedistance chart and green wave band,the distribution range of thetrajectory of the bus flow on the road section is drawn. Thedistributions of transit trajectories on the road without bus stop,withone bus stop and pair bus stops on the road section are analyzed.Considering the combination of bus stations and intersections,thedistribution of transit trajectories at the intersections between busstations and the combination scheme of paired layout and intersectiongroup are analyzed,and the ideal layout scheme of staggered arrangementis obtained. Aiming at the new road project,an overall optimizationmethod based on the ideal layout scheme is proposed. For thereconstruction road work,the optimization based on local fine adjustmentof bus station location is proposed. The simulation model is built onthe background of Xiongchu Road in Wuhan. Based on the current scheme,anoptimized scheme and an ideal scheme are established,and multiplesimulation experiments are conducted. The statistics of the delay of busflow shows that the bus delay of the optimized scheme is reduced by 3.8%compared with the current scheme,and the optimization effect is notobvious. However,the bus delay of the ideal scheme is reduced by 22%compared with the current scheme,which has a good optimization effect.The simulation result shows that the method has certain theoreticalsignificance and practical value,while its deficiency is that the ideallayout scheme is restricted by the road condition,it has somelimitations.