“丝绸之路旅游带”景区区位优势等级测度与影响机理

Grade Measurement and Influence Mechanism of Regional Advantage of Scenic Areas along Tourism Belt of the Silk Road

景区区位条件是旅游空间行为规划的基础。针对当前主流测度模型中"非此即彼"问题,以"丝绸之路旅游带"为例,基于旅游资源、旅游市场、旅游交通、旅游服务四大特征指数构建景区区位优势度测度模型,引入D-S证据理论对景区区位优势等级进行评价,并系统探究其影响机理。结果显示:"丝绸之路旅游带"5A级景区区位优势等级体系呈现"结构破缺—重心偏离—波动显著"的特征;景区区位优势等级空间格局具有较高的交通指向性和中心性;不同区域景区区位优势等级差异明显,制约因子不同;景区区位优势等级空间分布受自然和人文因素共同影响,其中资源禀赋、地形地貌是内生因素,社会经济、交通条件是外部推动力。

The location condition of scenic area is the foundation of tourism spatial behavior planning. For the problem of the "black or white" in the mainstream measure models of mathematical statistics and spatial analysis, this article presents a novel method based on the improved D-S evidence theory and integrates multi-feature to measure the regional advantage level of scenic areas. This paper, taking the "Tourism Belt of the Silk Road" as an research object, establishes regional advantage measurement model of scenic area from four aspects: tourism resource, tourism market, tourism traffic and tourism service, analyzes the regional advantage level of scenic area by the D-D evidence theory and explores its influence factors. The results show that: 1) It presents the characteristics of "structure broken-gravity center deviationobvious fluctuation" in the regional advantage level of 5 A scenic areas. 2)The spatial distribution pattern of its regional advantage level has obvious traffic-oriented, which is prominent in the area near the key traffic node. In terms of provincial scale, the geographical advantage owns the central character, forming the four concentration areas: Xi’an,Xining, Yinchuan and Urumqi. 3) In different regions, the regional advantage level of scenic areas has significant differences, which is influenced by varies restrained factors. 4)The spatial distribution of regional advantage level of scenic areas is influenced by natural and cultural factors, of which resource endowment and topography are endogenous factors, and social economy and traffic conditions are external forces.