2014–2017年云南省大理州囊尾蚴病新发病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province from 2014 to 2017

目的了解云南省大理州囊尾蚴病新发病例流行病学特征,为制定该病防治策略提供科学依据。方法以大理州寄生虫病防治中心为数据采集点,采用回顾性调查方法,收集2014-2017年该中心所有囊尾蚴病住院病例资料,并对符合条件的囊尾蚴病新发病例进行流行病学分析。结果2014-2017年大理州寄生虫病防治中心共收治囊尾蚴病住院病例1552人·次,其中新发囊尾蚴病病例549例。新发囊尾蚴病病例以神经系统囊尾蚴病为主,占88.16%(484/549);症状以癫痫为主(51.37%),其次为头痛(40.98%)和头晕(18.76%)。患者以白族中年男性农民为主,病例在大理州各县(市)均有分布,但以洱源县(26.78%)和大理市(19.49%)为主。2014-2017年新发囊尾蚴病发病率分别为4.423/10万、3.837/10万、3.765/10万和3.442/10万,各年间发病率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=4.595,P>0.05)。结论大理州仍为囊尾蚴病流行区,今后应加强对当地囊尾蚴病的监测与防治工作。

Objective To understand the basic information and epidemic characteristics of new cases of cysticercosis in Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy of cysticercosis. Methods The data of inpatients in the Dali Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Center from 2014 to 2017 were collected and the eligible data of new cases of cysticercosis were analyzed by the epidemiological method.Results There were 1 552 patients with cysticercosis,including 549 new cases of cysticercosis.Among the new cysticercosis patients,most were neurocysticercosis cases (484/549,88.16%).The symptoms included epilepsy and headache (51.73%),headache (40.98%),and dizziness (18.76%).The new cysticercosis patients were mainly middle-aged male farmers of Bai nationality,and they were distributed in all counties (cities) of Dali Prefecture,especially in Eryuan County (26.78%),and Dali City (19.49%).The annual incidence rate was 4.423/105 in 2014,3.837/105 in 2015,3.765/105 in 2016,and 3.442/105 in 2017,and there was no significance among the different years'incidence (χ^2 = 4.595,P > 0.05).Conclusion Dali Prefecture is still an endemic area of cysticercosis.Therefore,the monitoring,prevention and control of the disease should be strengthened.