预防性护理在早产儿新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征机械通气护理中的应用

Application of preventive nursing in mechanical ventilation nursing of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants

目的探究预防性护理在早产儿新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)机械通气护理中的应用价值。方法选取2018年2月1日至11月1日实施预防性护理方案时接收治疗的NRDS早产儿45例作为A组,2017年1月1日至2018年1月10日未实施预防性护理方案时接收治疗的NRDS早产儿45例作为B组,进行回顾性研究。观察2组患儿基线资料、机械通气指标、并发症发生情况和患儿家属满意度。结果A组患儿肺表面活性物质应用次数、机械通气时间、住院时间和住院费用分别为(1.5 ± 0.5)次、(92.5 ± 13.8)h、(12.5 ± 1.3)d、(2.6 ± 0.4)万元,均显著少于B组的(2.6 ± 0.4)次、(131.4 ± 23.1)h、(16.0 ± 2.8)d、(3.3 ± 0.5)万元,A组患儿最高血氧饱和度值为468.9 ± 42.1,高于B组的401.2 ± 22.3,差异有统计学意义(t=7.334~11.524,均P<0.05)。A组和B组患儿治疗过程中并发症总发生率分别为15.6%(7/45)、48.9%(22/45),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=11.447,P<0.05)。A组患儿家属总满意度95.6%(43/45),高于B组的64.4%(29/45),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=13.611,P<0.05)。结论预防性护理应用于NRDS早产儿机械通气过程中,能够显著减少并发症发生,减少肺表面活性物质的用量,缩短机械通气时间,节省治疗成本,值得推广。

Objective To explore the value of preventive nursing in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) mechanical ventilation in premature infants. Methods A total of 45 NRDS preterm infants who received treatment during the preventive care program from February 1, 2018 to November 1, 2018 were selected as group A, 45 cases of NRDS preterm infants who received treatment during the preventive care program from January 1, 2017 to January 10, 2018 were included in group B for retrospective study. Baseline data, mechanical ventilation index, complications, and family satisfaction of the children were observed. Results The number of pulmonary surfactant applications, mechanical ventilation time, hospitalization time and hospitalization cost were (1.5±0.5) times,(92.5±13.8) h,(12.5±1.3) d,(26±4) thousand yuan in group A, and (2.6±0.4) times,(131.4±23.1) h,(16.0±2.8) d,(33±5) thousand yuan in group B, the highest oxygen saturation value was 468.9±42.1 in group A,401.2±22.3 in group B, there were significant difference between the two groups(t=7.334-11.524, P<0.05). The total incidence of complications during treatment was 15.6%(7/45) in group A and 48.9%(22/45), there was significant difference between the two groups (χ^2=11.447, P<0.05). The total satisfaction rate of family members was 95.6%(43/45) in group A, which was significantly higher than that in group B (64.4%, 29/45). The difference was statistically significant (χ^2=13.611, P<0.05). Conclusions Prophylactic care can be used in the mechanical ventilation of premature infants with NRDS, which can significantly reduce the incidence of complications, reduce the amount of pulmonary surfactant, shorten the mechanical ventilation time, and save the cost of treatment. It is worth promoting.