儿童肝移植术后一年生命质量及其影响因素研究

Survey of quality of life among the pediatric patients who have received the liver transplantation for one year

目的调查肝移植术后1年患儿的生命质量现状,并分析影响肝移植术后患儿生命质量的因素。为采取针对性护理干预对策,提高儿童肝移植术后生命质量提供科学依据,为纵向研究提供文献参考。方法采用方便抽样法进行调查研究,对2016年1-12月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院完成肝移植的患儿进行问卷调查。采用一般资料调查问卷调查患儿的一般人口社会学资料,采用受体术后生命质量调查表调查患儿术后生命质量的现状,探讨患者一般人口社会学因素对患儿生命质量的影响,综合分析影响肝移植术后患儿生命质量的因素。结果受体术后生命质量总分为(68.37 ± 13.90)分,其中服药维度得分为(76.74 ± 17.26)分;药物不良反应维度得分为(77.90 ± 16.41)分;和他人的关系维度得分为(65.92 ± 20.06)分;疼痛维度得分为(79.43 ± 13.52)分;担忧维度得分为(54.07 ± 25.59)分;焦虑维度得分为(49.32 ± 25.37)分;外貌维度得分为(58.85 ± 28.09)分;交流维度得分为(84.67 ± 15.86)分。保险类型、供体血型对术后生命质量总分有影响,差异有统计学意义(t=2.101、3.201,P<0.05)。结论小儿肝移植术后1年受体的生命质量处于相对较低水平。是否拥有保险以及供体的血型是小儿肝移植术后受体生命质量的影响因素。

Objective To get some knowledge of the quality of life among the pediatric patients who received the liver transplantation for one year, and analyze the impact factors. Methods The patients who received the liver transplantation within January to December 2016 were investigated by the questionnaire. The patients′ demographics was investigated by the questionnaire. The patients′ quality of life was got by the scale, and then discuss the demographics′ impact on the quality of life. Results The total score of quality of life was (68.37±13.90) points. The score of "About My Medicines I" was (76.74±17.26) points, and the score of "About My Medicines II" was (77.90±16.41) points, and the score of My Transplant and Others was (65.92±20.06) points, and the score of Pain and Hurt was (79.43±13.52) points, and the score of "worry" was (54.07±25.59) points, and the score of "Treatment Anxiety" was (54.07±25.59) points, and the score of How I Look was (58.85±28.09) points, and the score of "Communication was (84.67±15.86) points. And the type of insurance and blood type of donors were the impact factors, and the difference was significant (t=2.101, 3.201, P<0.05). Conclusions The quality of life of pediatric patients who received the liver transplantation for one year was relatively low. Whether or not having bought the insurance and the blood type of donors may be the impact factors of the quality of life.