揭开“新世界”的迷惑外衣——《德意志意识形态》对“真正的社会主义”预言的批判

Unveiling the Confusing Coat of the "New World" ——The Critique of the Prophecy of "Real Socialism" in German Ideology

19世纪40年代的"真正的社会主义"像瘟疫一样在德国流行起来,给工人运动造成了极大的思想混乱,这种错误思潮最具有迷惑性的就是库尔曼所构想的"新世界"。在《德意志意识形态》第二卷第五章中赫斯对格奥尔格·库尔曼超越现实苦难的"救世主"人设、宗教式的"启示"、"精神王国"的虚幻存在、"潜入新世界的规则"的无效性、充当政府镇压工人起义的甜蜜补充等进行了历史唯物主义的批判,为科学社会主义理论孕育奠定了思想基础。我们必须警惕"真正的社会主义"的预言在当代的还魂,关照现实社会中农民的绝对平均主义、完全消灭私有制、消灭国家等思潮的唯心主义本质,正确认识社会解放阶段性和社会主义价值目标的辩证统一关系,巩固主流意识形态话语权,壮大主流思想舆论阵地,增强唯物史观的看家本领。

The"real socialism"of the 1840s became widespread in Germany like the plague,which caused huge confusion in the workers’movement.The most confusing of this erroneous trend of thought is the"new world"conceived by Cullman.In the second chapter of The German Ideology,Hess criticizes Georg Cullman for his historical materialism,which is mainly a"savior"encompassing the suffering of reality,religious"revelation",the illusory existence of the"spiritual kingdom",invalidity of"Rules that sneak into the new world",acting as a government to suppress the sweetness of the workers’uprising.This criticism lays the ideological foundation for the birth of scientific socialism theory.We should be wary of the prophecy of"real socialism"in the contemporary resurgence.We should take care of the idealistic nature of the real society,that is the absolute egalitarianism of the peasants,the complete elimination of private ownership,the elimination of the state.We should correctly understand the dialectical unity of the stage of social liberation and the goal of socialist values.At the same time,we must consolidate the mainstream ideological voice.In addition,we must strengthen the mainstream ideological and public opinion positions and enhance the housekeeping skills of the materialist view.