论改革开放以来农村社区治理的法治历程与新时代法治需要

On the Course of Rule of Law in Rural Community Governance and the Needs of Rule of Law in the New Era since the Reform and Opening-Up

不同历史时期农村社区治理都遵循一定的"法治"精神。这些体现"法治"精神的法既有国家正式法(硬法),还有以国家法为基础衍生出的非正式法(软法),它们是不同历史时期农村社区治理的重要法治基础,对构建基层社会秩序、维护社会稳定发挥了重要作用。改革开放四十多年来,农村社区治理的内外环境、基础条件不断发生变革,国家战略部署也做出了相应调整,农村社区治理面临新的挑战,实践中,农村社区治理法治也存在突出问题。新时代,需要从制定城乡社区一体化治理的现代法规、社区经济社会事务分类治理的现代法治规范、多元主体参与现代社区治理的现代法治框架、社会关系调节及社会行为规范的现代法治规则、居民权利保障及权益维护的现代法治制度等层面出发构筑现代法治,夯实农村社区治理的法治基础。

Rural community governance in different historical periods follows a certain spirit of"rule of law".These laws,which embodying the spirit of"rule of law",include both formal law(hard law)of the state and informal law(soft law)based on the national law.They are the important legal basis of rural community governance in different historical periods,and play an important role in building social order at the grass-roots level and maintaining social stability.Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,the internal and external environment and basic conditions of rural community governance have been constantly changing,and the national strategic deployment has been adjusted accordingly.Rural community governance is facing new challenges.In practice,there are prominent problems in the governance of rural community governance.In the new era,we need to construct the modern rule of law from the following aspects:formulating modern laws and regulations for the integrated governance of urban and rural communities,regulating the classified governance of community economic and social affairs,participating in the modern rule of law framework of modern community governance by multiple subjects,modern rule of law rules for social relations regulation and social behavior norms,guaranteeing the rights and interests of residents,and so on.To consolidate modern rule of law and strengthen the rule of law in rural community governance foundation.