人体代谢耗氧模拟装置的改进设计

The improved design of oxygen consumption simulation device for ground validation of ECLSS of manned spacecraft

为对现有环控生保系统地面验证设备中人体代谢耗氧模拟装置进行改进,针对第1套分子筛耗氧模拟装置气密性不良、耗氧过程中舱压波动大、耗氧效率较低等问题进行分析、计算,提出对空压机及设备管路、工作流程的改进设计方法。测试试验结果证明:改进后的耗氧模拟装置能够满足空间站地面试验的气密性要求,耗氧过程对舱压的影响较改进前降低数十倍,耗氧浓度建立时间由30 min缩减至5 min,为环控生保系统地面验证提供了可靠保障。

This paper presents an improved design of the O2 consumption simulation device used for verifying the Environmental Control and Life Support System before the launch of the manned spacecraft. To tackle the problems found in the first set of the molecular sieve oxygen consumption simulation device such as the poor air tightness, the relatively large cabin pressure fluctuation in the process, and the low oxygen production efficiency, this paper puts forward an improved design scheme including a reselection of the air compressor model, a revised design of the equipment pipelines, and an comprehensively optimized work flow.The test results show that the upgraded system can meet the air tightness requirement of the space station ground test;the influence of the oxygen consumption process on the cabin pressure is reduced nearly by two orders of magnitude, and the time to establish a desired oxygen consumption concentration is shortened from half an hour to five minutes, which provides a guarantee for the ground verification of the Environmental Control and Life Support System.